Words in square brackets are not used in vocabulary tests, and their meanings will be provided in classroom activities. However, you will need to study them for other quizzes and exams. Words with ★ appear in the dialogues.
o'clock
[いちじ: one o'clock; にじ: two o'clock; さんじ: three o'clock; よじ: four o'clock; ごじ: five o'clock; ろくじ: six o'clock; しちじ: seven o'clock; はちじ: eight o'clock; くじ: nine o'clock; じゅうじ: ten o'clock; etc. ななじ is used ONLY in public announcement and never used
in daily conversation.]
★ ~はん
~半
half an hour past the hour [e.g., じゅうにじはん: half an hour past twelve]
なんじ
何時
what time/hour?
なんじかん
何時間
how many hours?
じかん
~時間
time; hours [length of time; e.g., にじかん: two hours]
れいじ
零時
zero hundred hours (0:00)
~ふん
~分
minute [both clock time and length of time; いっぷん: one minute; にふん two minutes; さんぷん: three minutes, etc.
]
なんぷん
何分
how many minutes?
★ あと
after, later, remaining [クラスの あと(に): after class]
まえ
前
previous; before [クラスの まえ(に): before class]
はん
半
half an hour
じかん
時間
duration of hour(s) [三じかん three hours]; time
★ ごぜん
午前
a.m. [ごぜん always precedes the time: ごぜん6じ: 6 a.m.]
ごご
午後
p.m. [ごご always precedes the time: ごご6じ: 6 p.m.]
あさ
朝
morning
ひる
昼
noon; daytime [ひるの12じ: 12 noon]
よる/ばん
夜/晩
night; evening [よるの12じ: 12 midnight]
ゆうがた
夕方
dusk, sunset
★ ~ごろ
about [approximation suffix for clock time; 5じごろ: about 5 o'clock]
★ ~ぐらい
about [approximation suffix for duration; 5じかんぐらい: about 5 hours]
Date Expressions (= exceptions) (VQ 6-2)
★ きょう
今日
today
いちにち
一日
one day [にち is the general counter for the number of days. is an exception below.]
ついたち
一日
the first of the month
ふつか
二日
two days; the second of the month
みっか
三日
three days; the third of the month
よっか
四日
four days; the fourth of the month [Days ending in 4 are all exceptional.]
いつか
五日
five days; the fifth of the month
むいか
六日
six days; the sixth of the month
なのか
七日
seven days; the seventh of the month
ようか
八日
eight days; the eighth of the month
ここのか
九日
nine days; the ninth of the month
とおか
十日
ten days; the tenth of the month
~にち
~日
[e.g., じゅういちにち: eleven days; the 11th of the month; じゅうよっか: 14 days; 14th of the month]